@prefix log: <http://www.w3.org/2000/10/swap/log#> .
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rec: <http://www.w3.org/2001/02pd/rec54#> .
@prefix dc:  <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/> .
@prefix :    <#> .

this log:forAll :DOC, :REF, :TITLE .
{ <refs-edited.rdf> log:semantics [ log:includes {
    :DOC rec:cites :REF .
  } ] .
 <refs-edited.rdf> log:semantics [ log:notIncludes {
    :REF dc:title [ ] .
  } ] .
} => {
  :REF a :problem ; :referredBy :DOC .
} .